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the hydrocyclone the efficient separation and rapid concentration of tailing materials through the action of centrifugal force in tailing concentration, which plays an important role in the damming, pre-con and enrichment recovery of tailings

一. The role of the cyclone in tailings thickening;

The cyclone mainly plays the role of efficient separation, rapid concentration and optimization of tailings treatment process in tailings thickening. specific roles are as follows:

1. Tailings damming: The cyclone can effectively solve the problems of tailings dam leakage, collapse, excessive external water discharge, and damming. Through cyclone classification, the content of fine particles in the sediment is greatly reduced, and the high-concentration sediment coarse particle product is piled up in front the dam, and the low-concentration fine particle overflow is sent into the reservoir, so that the tailings dam forms a coarse particle dam shell with good water permeability, is conducive to reducing the seepage line of the dam body, preventing seepage failure on the dam slope, and enhancing the stability of the dam body .

2. ailings pre-concentration: The cyclone has a small footprint and low investment, and has the characteristics of rapid concentration. Generally speaking, it can quickly raise the concentration ofings pulp from 10%~40% to 45%~70%, and has a large elasticity of sediment production rate. The cyclone can be combined with a thickener to form a new type of combined concentration process. Using the rapid concentration effect of the cyclone, most of the coarse-grained tailings that are easy concentrate are separated from the tailings in advance, and the overflow of the cyclone enters the thickener for concentration. In this way, on the one hand, the load of thickener is greatly reduced, and the thickener is avoided from running mixed, and at the same time, high-concentration sediment can be quickly obtained, and the tailings capacity can be increased, which is convenient for the subsequent process transportation 2.

3. Tailings enrichment and recovery operation: For some tailings in which there are still low- useful minerals, the cyclone can be used for the enrichment and recovery of tailings. For example, the copper and gold content in the tailings of a copper mine is low the average grade is low, and the embedded particle size is fine, but there are copper and gold associated bodies in the coarse-grained grade and there is a lot of value in the fine-grained single gold, and the cyclone can effectively separate and recover it.

二. The principle of cyclone in tailings thickening;

The principle of the cyclone in tailings thickening is mainly based on the action of centrifugal force. The specific principle is as follows

1. Feeding stage: The tailings material to be separated enters the cyclone cavity 1 through the feed pipe with a certain pressure and velocity.
Rotating separation stage The material is subjected to strong shear force and centrifugal force in the cyclone cavity, and begins to rotate at high speed along the tangential direction. Due to the difference mass and density of different particles, the centrifugal force they are subjected to during rotation is also different. Particles with larger mass and higher density are pushed towards the wall of cyclone under the action of centrifugal force, forming a concentrated layer; while particles with smaller mass and lower density gather in the central area of the vortex, forming supernant .

2. Classification and discharge stage: As the rotation proceeds, the concentrated layer and supernatant gradually separate. The particles in the concentrated layer are discharged through the flow port, while the supernatant is discharged from the overflow port. In this way, the classification and concentration of tailings material are realized 

In addition, the hydrocyclone is an apparatus that uses centrifugal force to separate and concentrate slurry. The pressurized slurry the cyclone chamber tangentially from the inlet of the cyclone and produces a high-speed rotating motion. Due to the limitation of the inner and outer cylinder and the top cover the slurry forms a self-rotating current from top to bottom and outside in its interior. During the cyclone process, the solid particles with large density and attached water are by the centrifugal force and most of them are thrown to the cylinder wall and lose energy to slide down along the wall. In this way, the concentrated phase slurry is from the bottom discharge port. The particles with small density move towards the axis direction and form a self-rotating current from the bottom to the top in the center of the axis and the diluted liquid is discharged to the outside through the overflow pipe, so as to achieve the effect of two-phase separation.

To sum up, the hydrocyclone the efficient separation and rapid concentration of tailing materials through the action of centrifugal force in tailing concentration, which plays an important role in the damming, pre-con and enrichment recovery of tailings.